The thing though I realize that fines aren't as punitive as people like.
But people have to understand that if they do it again, they'll get fined again. And they'll also know that the government is breathing over their neck and they'll probably get fined again if they keep doing it. It also reduces investor confidence and basically a bank's money is dependent on investment. If people are worried that the company will do it again, they'll usually pull out their money and go elsewhere.
A fine isn't "Oh, you pay this money and you can go back to doing your antics." It's "pay us money and stop being an asshole."
That's honestly better than in the past when a big company wouldn't even get a fine and might be rewarded for its illegal activities.
I agree in principle, but the reality is that often the fines are so pitiful that they barely dent the companies profit margins. Not to mention that any fine that does hurt the company are soaked by putting the burden on the employees or the customers.
What needs to happen is the people at the top, who own the banks, need to be put away. The soft rich psychopaths that know they will continue to live in the lap of luxury regardless of what they do need to know that if they commit crime, or allow their company to commit crime, they will pay for it. Right now, even if HSBC were to go under the owners would cry, a little, but it would just mean that one of their cash cows are gone, and they will just milk another. They wont realistically feel the loss of that bank.
The people at the top of businesses and banks need to know that justice hurts more than their profit margins. When it starts to hurt their way of life, then they might start paying attention.