according to some of my very pro-gun friends (all target and range shooters, one of them collecting and maintaining museum pieces to shoot), two things can be said about gun culture in france. france is a very historically-minded hunter culture. thus the prevalence of shotguns. you don't need a gun license for a shotgun, but you do need a hunting licence. most gun owners are hunters, few are target shooters, like my friends. there's relatively few laws regarding blackpowder rifles and pistols, so most shooters start off with these. my friend has a single action blackpowder revolver that got him on the shooting range before looking currently at a s&w model 3 from 1874 (iirc). he has his shooting and gun licence, he's all checked out. but it's really tough to actually get a licence to own revolvers, carbines, or any "fun" gear (their word, not mine).
the logic behind it is, you're not gonna be hunting boar with a 1917 lebel rifle (my friend's range-partner) or with a pistol. that must mean that you're gonna go on a killing spree omgpanic!!!
the background checks are tough, and the restrictions go from sensible to silly. for example, you are not allowed assault rifles (sensible, really) but you're also not allowed semi-auto rifles (like an m1 garand) unless the gun was specifically checked out by a governmentally-approved armorer (not the right word) because you could modify them to go full auto. even with the afore-mentioned m1 garand. don't ask me how that works.
regarding this whole situation, so long as you keep your gun away from me, i'm ok with this, but i just don't like those things. to each their own.