Well... I looked up Romans 11 and the lead-in in Romans 10. Apparently a bunch of Israelites were not converting to Jesus (what a surprise) so the Author goes "WTF God" and he says that he's set aside a number of people who will listen.
One problem: This looks like it was written for the Hebrews at the time. It doesn't appear to be saying that's how it would always be.
And I'm not reading through two entire Books to find the other quotes the fundy's referring to. If s/he would point out specific passages I'd be glad to check it out too.
EDIT: Okay, apparently, there are some passages later in the chapter suggesting that apparently, God made the Jews not recognize Jesus on purpose, so that... the Christians... can be saved. And then later... the Jews will be saved too... and God makes people disobedient so he can... forgive them.
Oh, that's right. PAUL WROTE ROMANS. That explains all of it.